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Ibrahim Zauq

Biography, Ghazals, Mushaira Videos & Sung Poetry

Sheikh Muhammad Ibrahim, known by his pen name Zauq, was the last officially appointed poet laureate (Malik-ush-Shu'ara) of the Mughal court and a contemporary rival of Mirza Ghalib. Born in Delhi, Zauq became the ustad (teacher) of the last Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar and enjoyed royal patronage throughout his life. His poetry is characterized by its simplicity, clarity, and elegance, in contrast to Ghalib's more complex and philosophical style. Zauq's ghazals explore traditional themes of love, beauty, and mysticism with remarkable grace and accessibility. He was known for his mastery of the rekhti form (poetry in the feminine voice) and his ability to write verses that appealed to both the common people and the elite. The famous rivalry between Zauq and Ghalib was one of the most celebrated literary feuds in Urdu poetry. Despite losing his royal patronage during the British takeover, Zauq continued to compose poetry until his death. His work represents the final flowering of the Delhi school of classical Urdu poetry.

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